2011年5月澳洲技术移民新政解读

2011年5月10日澳洲移民局推出 EOI 申请模式。这项政策将在2012年7月1日实施，届时澳洲技术移民申请步骤将被改变。

EOI申请模式的主要内容是：移民局通过引入这个选择性的模块作为删选系统，来自动调配移民申请者的份额以及相关职业的分配额，并发布相关的邀请函，来决断申请者是否有资格进入下一步的申请。申请人首先需要在线递交移民意向书（EOI），然后根据移民局设立的相关系统的审核，如果满足各项澳洲技术移民的要求，就能够获得邀请函，然后才能够递交技术移民的签证申请。签证类别为175，176，885，886，475，487将会受到影响。

澳洲联邦政府计划将2011-2012财年的永久移民数量增加至18.5万，其中约三分之二的名额为技术移民。其中偏远地区的移民申请将特别优先审理，以解决当地雇主需求，鼓励边远地区移民。而这次出台新的挑选技术移民的模式，也是移民改革的重要一步。其目的是为了更有效地提高移民审核的效率，加快移民审核的速度，分散移民专业和地区的集中性。同时也有利于政府把握对未来国内市场、地区和职业需求的准确率，从而能有效快速作出相应的调整。

原文：

Proposed Skilled Migrant Selection Model (the Model)

The following information relates to the government’s decision to implement a new skilled migrant selection model based on an Expression of Interest (EOI) and invitation to apply. The proposal is in an early stage of development and consultation. Although the key features are settled, further changes are possible and the following must not be taken as a final description of how the new selection model will operate. In particular, no action of any kind should be taken on the basis that this will be the final model. The minister may recommend to the Governor-General in-Council amendments to the Migration Regulations 1994 to give effect to the final model.

The Skilled Migrant Selection Model

The Australian Government has decided on a major reform in the way Australia selects skilled migrants, the Skilled Migrant Selection Model (the Model). The Model will build upon and draw together the suite of reforms to the skilled migration program over the past three years. In doing so it will deliver the skills Australia needs by matching the best and brightest migrants to the available places in the migration program.

The Model will be an electronic system based upon a two-stage process. Prospective applicants first submit claims for skilled migration through an online EOI and subsequently may be invited to make a visa application. This is a significant change from the current situation, as applicants for independent or state/territory sponsored migration will be required to receive an invitation in order to lodge a visa application.

Once invited, the Model will ensure a match between the number of applicants and the number of available program places. This will result in streamlined processing times.

Foundations and benefits of the Model

The fundamental principle underpinning the Model is that the skilled migration program is determined by the economic needs of Australia. As such, it is necessary for the Australian government to manage who is able to apply for skilled migration, when they are able to apply and in what numbers, on the basis of this need. It is proposed that the Model will allocate all places in the independent skilled migration program to the prospective migrants, those who score highest on the points test, in each eligible occupational group.

A key benefit of the Model is the ability to address regional skill shortages. The Model allows prospective migrants to nominate their willingness to live and work in regional Australia. This will be of particular benefit to employers experiencing regional skills shortages and state and territory governments attempting to settle migrants in regional Australia.

The Model will connect state and territory governments and Australian employers with potential skilled workers through a central database of prospective skilled migrants. This will help state and territory governments maximise the benefit derived from their state and territory Migration Plans. From the perspective of employers, the Model would assist in the resolution of skills shortages through quick and easy identification of prospective workers with the requisite skills and attributes, reducing advertising and recruitment costs to businesses.

Implementation of the Model

The Model is proposed to commence on 1 July 2012. As of this date, new applicants for independent, family or state/territory sponsored migration would need to submit an EOI and be issued with an invitation before lodging a visa application, unless eligible for transitional arrangements. The first round of invitations is expected to occur in January 2013.

Transitional arrangements currently apply to certain people who, on 8 February 2010, held or had applied for a Skilled – Graduate (subclass 485) visa. This group is able to apply for a permanent skilled visa under the previous system, until the end of 2012. There are no additional transitional arrangements in relation to the Model.

Visa subclasses affected by the Model

The visa subclasses which will be affected by the Model are:

Skilled – Independent (Migrant) subclass 175
Skilled – Sponsored (Migrant) subclass 176
Skilled – Independent (Residence) subclass 885
Skilled – Sponsored (Residence) subclass 886
Skilled – Regional Sponsored (Provisional) subclass 475
Skilled – Regional Sponsored (Provisional) subclass 487.

All prospective applicants for these visas will need to submit an EOI and receive an invitation before they can apply.

Prospective applicants interested in employer sponsorship would not be required to submit an EOI if they already have a sponsor. However, submitting an EOI allows employers to view their details and contact prospective applicants to discuss sponsorship opportunities. It would also allow prospective migrants who are sponsored on a temporary basis to be invited for either independent skilled migration or state/territory sponsored migration if eligible.

For those who have already lodged a visa application prior to the implementation of the Model and are pending processing, the department would process this application in accordance with any priority processing direction in effect at that time. A prospective migrant who has already lodged a visa application may want to submit an EOI in order to be connected to an employer or state/territory government.

翻译：

以下信息涉及到政府的最新决定，该决定与新的技术移民选择体系有关，该体系将立足于移民意向申请书（EOI）和移民申请邀请函。该方案仍处于发展和协商的早期阶段。虽然该体系的主要内容已经确立，但也可能作进一步改变。因此以下叙述不能作为新选择体系如何运作的最后描述。特别需要指出的是，在最终的定案没有出台之前，任何人都不应该就该体系采取任何形式的措施。部长可以建议总督会同行政局修订1994移民法以落实最终的体系模式。

技术移民选择体系

澳大利亚政府决定在选择技术移民的方式上做出重大改革，即推出新的技术移民选择体系。新的体系将会建立在过去三年内实施的移民政策，模式以及计划的基础之上，并进行一系列的改革与修正。它通过匹配最优秀的移民和移民计划可用的配额，为澳大利亚带来所需的技术人员。

该体系有两个阶段的电子系统。有意向的申请者首先通过网上递交技术移民的意向书，随后可能会被邀请作签证申请。这是目前一个重大的变化，作为独立的州/地区担保移民的申请人须接受邀请，以递交签证申请。

一旦被邀请，该体系将确保申请人数和可用配额是匹配的。这将精简处理申请的时间。

该体系的基础和益处

这个体系的基本原则在于技术移民计划是由澳大利亚经济决定的。因此，澳大利亚政府必须按照经济的需求来决定谁可以申请技术移民，什么时候可以申请移民，以及申请审理的优先顺序。该体系会将移民配额分配到独立技术移民计划内的各个地区，分配到各个提名职业中，最后分给通过打分系统后得分最高的申请人。

该体系的主要优点是能够解决区域的技术工作者短缺的问题。它允许未来的移民提名，他们愿意在澳大利亚生活和工作。这一点对雇主和州以及领地政府都是特别有利的，它能够帮助雇主解决技术工作者短缺的问题，也可以帮政府在澳大利亚各个区域内安置移民。

该体系将会通过一个包含所有申请人信息的中央数据库，将州与领地政府，澳洲雇主以及潜在的技术工作者联系在一起。它将帮助各州和地区政府最大限度地从国家和地区移民计划中获益。从雇主的角度来看，该体系可以在短时间内轻松识别申请人的必需技能以及技能水平，有助于解决技术工作者的短缺问题，减少雇主的招聘和广告开支。

新体系的实施

该体系将于2012年7月1日开始实施。除过渡性安排之外，独立申请、家庭担保或国家/地区担保移民的新申请者需要在递交签证申请之前提交一份意向书。预计第一轮的邀请将在2013年1月发出。

在2010年2月8日持有或已递交485签证申请的申请者，2012年底之前，可根据原来的系统申请永久技术签证移民。

受该体系影响的签证类别

以下签证类别将受该体系影响

• 境外独立技术移民 175

• 境外担保技术移民 176

• 境内独立技术移民885

• 境内担保技术移民886

• 境内申请的偏远地区临居签证 475

• 特定专业的海外学生3年临居签证 487

所有有意申请这些签证的申请者，都需要提交一份意向书，并收到邀请，才可以申请。

对于有雇主担保的申请人，将不会被要求提交一份意向书，因为他们已经有一个担保雇主。但是，提交意向书会使雇主可以查看申请人的详细资料，也有利于雇主和申请人商讨关于担保的事宜。从另外一个方面来说，提交意向书也给只获得短期担保的申请人提供了更多可能，他们可能会获得申请独立技术移民的邀请函，也可能会获得申请州/领地政府担保技术移民的邀请函。

对于那些在该体系实施前已经递交签证申请并等候处理的申请人，移民局将会根据当时有效的优先审理顺序来审理他们的申请。已经递交签证申请的申请人，可能需要提交意向书，来获得雇主或者州/领地政府的担保。

是否要求EOI？

独立/家庭担保 457 雇主担保州/地区政府担保偏远地区担保